Two bodies were combined into one due to the same subject of interest (gangs), the same methods of operation (surveillance, uncovering), identical legal instruments (key witness, purchase, and dispatch), spy networks within the most dangerous gangs, joint operations abroad and a joint analytic-information base.

The central office deals with, among other things, such aspects connected with criminal gangs as: terror, weapons, explosive materials, protection money, production, trade and drug smuggling, corruption, money laundering, banking affairs and stock exchange affairs. The structure of the Central Bureau of Investigation encompasses the following departments: Criminal Department, 2 Drug Departments, Analytic Department, Operational Techniques Department, Witness Protection Department (this department embraces a group of about a hundred policemen organising hiding places, convoys and transport of the former gangmembers, who testify against their comrades, gaining this way the possibility of waiving their crimes, to the court. They are trained by prominent specialists from the U.S., England, Italy and France, who deal with the protection of witnesses. Their tasks include personal protection of a witness, his transportation to a different city or country and his change of name and identity) and a Special Operations Team. In Katowice and Warsaw, there are Boards and Departments of the Central Bureau of Investigation, whereas the teams are located in Zielona Gora, Czestochowa, Radom, Plock, Suwalki, Torun, Nowy Sacz, Bielsko-Biala and Walbrzych. The officers of the Central Bureau of Investigation include students from the police schools in Szczytno and Legionowo. They learn languages intensively, participate in training sessions in the United States and Germany and co-operate with the secret services of many countries, for instance the FBI. Also women serve in the Central Bureau of Investigation. They take part in hazardous operations too, equipped with bulletproof vests and balaclavas.